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Frances M. Malpezzi – Readers, Auditors, and Interpretation

Readers, Auditors, and Interpretation Frances M. Malpezzi Published in Connotations Vol. 7.1 (1997/98) In “E.K., A Spenserian Lesson in Reading,” I argued The Shepheardes Calender often illustrates the complexity and the limitations of language through both successful and failed attempts at human communication. If various orators and the fictional Immerito […]

Francis Ngaboh-Smart – Science and the Re-representation of African Identity in Major Gentl and the Achimota Wars

Science and the Re-representation of African Identity in Major Gentl and the Achimota Wars Francis Ngaboh-Smart Published in Connotations Vol. 7.1 (1997/98) At its inception and for a long time thereafter, written African literature was close to nationalist rhetoric.10) That is, before and immediately after independence, African leaders were not […]

Lynne M. Robertson – Getting A Head In A Warrior Culture: Shakespeare’s Macbeth and the Problem of Identity

Getting A Head In A Warrior Culture: Shakespeare’s Macbeth and the Problem of Identity Lynne M. Robertson Published in Connotations Vol. 7.1 (1997/98) Writing on the conclusion of Macbeth, William Ingram observes: It seems inescapable that the closing events of the fifth act—Birnam Wood moving, Macbeth arming, Macduff telling of […]

Richard Levin – The Opening of All’s Well That Ends Well

The Opening of All’s Well That Ends Well Richard Levin Published in Connotations Vol. 7.1 (1997/98) This essay focuses on a short passage—approximately eighty lines (mainly prose) in the Folio text—that introduces at the start of All’s Well That Ends Well the elderly ruling class of the play. This class […]